Innovations in Dental Health: Bioinspired Gel Regrows Tooth Enamel

Scientists at the University of Nottingham have developed a groundbreaking gel capable of repairing and regenerating tooth enamel, potentially revolutionizing dental care. Published in Nature Communications, this innovative material is designed to restore enamel that has been eroded or demineralized, while also reinforcing existing enamel to help prevent future decay.

Unlike traditional fluoride treatments, the gel is fluoride-free and contains proteins that mimic natural processes responsible for enamel formation in early life. Once applied, the gel forms a durable layer on the tooth surface, filling in microscopic cracks and holes.

It acts as a scaffold, capturing calcium and phosphate ions from saliva, which are then organized into new enamel through a process called epitaxial mineralization. This process allows the regenerated enamel to integrate seamlessly with the existing tooth structure, restoring both strength and appearance.

The material can also be used on exposed dentine, creating an enamel-like coating that reduces tooth sensitivity and enhances the bonding of dental restorations. Enamel damage is a significant factor in tooth decay, affecting nearly half of the global population and leading to serious dental issues and broader health problems, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Dr. Abshar Hasan, the lead author of the study, highlighted that the unique structure of dental enamel protects against various physical, chemical, and thermal insults. The researchers have conducted tests simulating real-life conditions, such as tooth brushing and exposure to acidic foods, finding that the regenerated enamel behaves like healthy enamel.

Professor Alvaro Mata, the lead investigator, emphasized the gel's potential for practical application, stating that it is scalable, safe, and easy to apply, with plans for commercialization through their start-up, Mintech-Bio.

The team hopes to launch their first product by next year, promising a transformative solution for dental health that could help patients of all ages maintain stronger, healthier teeth. This innovative gel could redefine modern dentistry by providing a simple, effective means of restoring enamel and preventing decay.