Putin and Modi Meet to Strengthen Ties Amid Global Isolation

Vladimir Putin and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi met on December 6, 2023, in New Delhi, marking a significant moment for both nations amid challenging geopolitical landscapes. This meeting comes just as the global political climate has shifted dramatically, particularly for Russia after its invasion of Ukraine, which has led to its increasing isolation on the world stage.

Analysts emphasize the importance of this summit as a reflection of the enduring relationship between Russia and India, signaling a refusal to bow to U.S. pressures. Petr Topychkanov, a senior researcher at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, notes that this visit is essential for Russia, asserting that it indicates a return to more normal international relations for Moscow.

Modi's administration faces its own challenges, as highlighted by Aparna Pande of the Hudson Institute, who states that India is navigating an unfavorable geopolitical environment characterized by a semi-isolationist U.S., a weakened Russia, and an assertive China.

The backdrop of this meeting includes a joint opinion piece published by the French ambassador, German high commissioner, and UK high commissioner, which prompted a strong response from India's foreign ministry, emphasizing the country’s unwillingness to accept outside interference in its foreign relations.

Historically, India's ties with Russia date back to the Cold War, with Russia being India's largest defense supplier. However, recent U.S. administrations, particularly under Donald Trump, have increased pressure on India to reduce its energy purchases from Russia, especially following sanctions imposed on Moscow.

Reports indicate that India's dependency on Russian defense has decreased from 70% to less than 40% in recent years, as India seeks to diversify its defense partnerships while maintaining essential ties with Russia.

The discussion between Modi and Putin is expected to cover military cooperation and energy supplies, including the ongoing purchase of Russian oil despite sanctions. Dmitry Peskov, Putin's press secretary, stated that any obstacles to economic relations would be temporary and that Russia is equipped to bypass sanctions in the long run.

While Modi may express calls for peace regarding Ukraine, sources suggest that substantive leverage in these discussions remains limited, as India lacks the capacity to significantly influence the conflict's trajectory.