Pope Leo Advocates for Two-State Solution in Mideast

Pope Leo XIV, during his inaugural international trip, arrived in Beirut, Lebanon, on November 30, 2025. He emphasized the necessity of a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The pope, speaking on a flight from Istanbul, revealed that he had discussed the potential for mediation with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

Pope Leo stated, 'We all know that right now Israel does not accept this situation,' affirming that a two-state solution is the only viable resolution to the ongoing conflict. This position aligns with longstanding Vatican policy, which has previously criticized Israel's actions, especially during the recent hostilities in Gaza.

Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the Vatican's Secretary of State, had previously condemned Israeli military actions in Gaza as a 'massacre' in the wake of Hamas's attack on October 7, 2023. After facing objections from the Israeli government regarding these comments, Pope Leo supported Cardinal Parolin, asserting that the cardinal had articulated the Holy See's stance effectively.

In addition to advocating for peace in the Middle East, Pope Leo acknowledged Turkey's unique position and potential role in fostering dialogue, particularly in relation to the conflict in Ukraine. He noted Erdogan's ongoing discussions with leaders of Russia and Ukraine aimed at brokering a cease-fire.

The pope's visit included meetings with leaders of Catholic and Orthodox churches and a Mass held in Istanbul, marking his first Mass outside of Italy. While in Turkey, he visited significant religious sites, including the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, highlighting the coexistence of different faiths within the country.

He praised Turkey as a model for peaceful coexistence amidst religious and ethnic diversity, stating, 'People can indeed live in peace.' The pope's statements are expected to reverberate through international diplomatic channels, potentially impacting future negotiations in the Middle East and beyond.